Which raw material is predominantly used by major distillers to make rum?

The primary raw material used by major distillers to produce rum is sugar cane. This is due to the fact that rum is a spirit that is traditionally derived from sugar cane juice or molasses, a byproduct of sugar production. Sugar cane is rich in fermentable sugars, which are essential for the fermentation process, allowing the production of alcohol.

This choice aligns with the historical and geographical context of rum production, as the Caribbean and other tropical regions, where sugar cane thrives, are well-known for their rum-making traditions. The fermentation of sugar cane juice or molasses leads to a diverse range of rum styles that can vary significantly based on factors like the production method, aging processes, and regional influences.

Other raw materials such as wheat, barley, and potatoes are primarily associated with different types of spirits, like whisky and vodka, rather than rum. This distinction further emphasizes the central role of sugar cane in the production of rum, reinforcing why it is the correct answer.